Kirish............................................................................................................ 3 bob. Boshlang`ich sinflarda og`zaki va yozma hisoblash usullari…............................................................................................... 7O`quvchilarda yozmahisoblash ko`nikmalarini hosil qilish...................... 7Og`zaki hisoblash mashg`ulotlarining turlari............................................ 11II bob. Og`zaki va yozma hisobning o`rin almashtirish, guruhlash va taqsimot qonunlari ............................................................................................................. 18 Og`zaki va yozma hisobda o`rin almashtirish, guruhlash va taqsimot qonunlarini qo`llashga asoslangan usullar................................ 18Maktabda tez (chaqqon) og`zaki hisoblashni o`stirish mashg`ulotlarini tashkil qilish........................................................................................................ 28 Boshlang`ich sinflarda og`zaki va yozma hisoblash usullarining ahamiyati........................................................................................ 40Xulosalar..................................................................................................... 50 Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ruyhati........................................................... 52