ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ГРАММАТИКА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА (МОРФОЛОГИЯ) CONTENTS Introduction. Grammatical structure of the English language ACCIDENCE General classification of the parts of speech Chapter I. THE NOUN § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological characteristics § 3. Syntactical characteristics § 4. Morphological composition § 5. Classification § 6. The category of number § 7. The category of case Chapter II. THE ARTICLE § 1. General notion § 2. Functions of the Article Use of articles with common nouns § 1—4. Class nouns § 5—7. Nouns of material § 8—11. Abstract nouns Use of articles with proper nouns § 12. Names of persons § 13. Geographical names § 14. Names of hotels, ships, newspapers and magazines § 15. Names of cardinal points § 16. Names of months and days § 17. Nouns modified by proper nouns. Use of articles with nouns in some set expressions § 18. The use of the indefinite article with nouns in set ex­pressions § 19. The use of the definite article with nouns in set expressions § 20. Nouns in set expressions used without an article Use of articles in some syntactic relations § 21. The use of articles with predicative nouns § 22. The use of articles with nouns in apposition § 23. The use of articles with nouns used in address § 24. Place of the article § 25. Ways of expressing the meaning of the English articles in Russian Special difficulties in the use of articles § 26. The use of articles with the nouns day, night, morning, evening § 27. The use of articles with names of seasons § 28. The use of articles with nouns school, college, prison, jail, bed § 29. The use of article with the noun town § 30. The use of articles with the name of meals § 31. The use of articles with names of languages Use of articles with nouns modified by certain adjectives, pronouns and numerals § 32. Most § 33. Few, a few, the few, little, a little, the little § 34. Two, the two, three, the three etc § 35. The second, a second § 36. Another, the other § 37. Last, the last § 38. Next, the next § 39. A number, the number § 40. Omission of the Article Chapter III. THE ADJECTIVE § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological characteristics § 3. Spelling rules § 4. Syntactic characteristics § 5. Morphological composition § 6. Classification § 7. Grammatical characteristics of qualitative adjective § 8. Grammatical characteristics of relative adjective § 9. Substantivized adjectives Chapter IV. THE PRONOUN § 1. Definition § 2. Classification § 3. Personal Pronouns § 4. Possessive Pronouns § 5. Reflexive Pronouns § 6. Reciprocal Pronouns § 7. Demonstrative Pronouns § 8. Interrogative Pronouns § 9. Relative Pronouns § 10. Conjunctive Pronouns § 11. Defining Pronouns § 12. Indefinite Pronouns § 13. Negative Pronouns Chapter V. THE NUMERAL § 1. Definition § 2. Cardinal numerals § 3. The functions of the cardinal numerals in the sentence § 4. Ordinal numerals § 5. The function of ordinal numerals in the sentence Chapter VI THE WORDS OF THE CATEGORY OF STATE § 1. Definition § 2 - 4. Morphological composition and use Chapter VII. THE ADVERB § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological composition § 3. Degrees of comparison § 4. Classification Chapter VIII. THE MODAL WORDS § 1. Definition § 2. Classification § 3. Use § 4. Modal words and adverbs Chapter IX. THE INTERJECTION § 1. Definition § 2. Classification § 3. Morphological composition Chapter X. THE PREPOSITION § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological structure § 3. Classification § 4. Prepositions, adverbs and conjunctions § 5. Prepositions and postpositions Chapter XI. THE CONJUNCTION § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological structure § 3. Classification § 4. Coordinating conjunctions § 5. Subordinating conjunctions Chapter XII. THE PARTICLE § 1. Definition § 2. Classification Chapter XIII. THE VERB § 1. Definition § 2. Morphological structure § 3. Basic forms § 4. Syntactic function § 5. Transitive and intransitive verbs § 6. Lexical character § 7 – 10. Grammatical categories TENSES IN THE ACTIVE VOICE The Indefinite Form § 1. The use of the Present Indefinite § 2. The use of the Past Indefinite § 3. The use of the Future Indefinite The Continuous Form § 4. The use of the Present Continuous § 5. The use of the Past Continuous § 6. The use of the Future Continuous The Perfect Form § 7. The use of the Present Perfect § 8. The Past Indefinite and Present Perfect § 9. The use of the Past Perfect § 10. Past Indefinite and Past Perfect § 11. The Future Perfect The Perfect Continuous Form § 12. The Present Perfect Continuous § 13. Present Perfect Continuous Inclusive and the Present Continuous § 14. The Present Perfect and the Present Perfect Continuous Exclusive § 15. The Past Perfect Continuous § 16. The Past Perfect Continuous Inclusive and Past Continuous § 17. The use of the Future Perfect Continuous The Passive Voice § 18. The use of the Passive Voice § 19. The use of tenses in the Passive Voice § 20. Ways of translating the Passive Voice into Russian § 21. Uses of the Passive Voice peculiar to the English lan­guage § 22. The PassiveVoice and the Nominal Predicate Modal Verbs § 1. Definition § 2. Can § 3. May § 4. Must § 5. Should and ought § 6. To be + Infinitive § 7. To have + Infinitive § 8. Shall § 9. Will § 10. Would § 11. Dare § 12. Need Mood The Subjunctive Mood § 1. General notion § 2. Synthetic forms § 3. Analytical forms § 4. The forms of the Indicative Mood used to express the same meaning as is expressed by the Subjunctive Mood The use of the Subjunctive Mood § 5. Simple sentences § 6. Conditional sentences § 7. Adverbial clauses of purpose § 8. Adverbial clauses of concession § 9. Adverbial clauses of time and place § 10. Adverbial clauses of comparison § 11. Predicative clauses. § 12. Subject clauses § 13. Object clauses § 14. Attributive appositive clauses § 15. Attributive clauses modifying the noun time in the princi­pal clause § 16. Emotional use of the Subjunctive Mood Chapter VIII. THE NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERD (THE VERBALS) § 1. Definition § 2. The characteristic traits of the verbals The Participle § 3. General notion § 4. Double nature of the participle § 5. Tense distinctions § 6. Voice distinctions § 7. Functions of Participle I in the sentence § 8. Functions of Participle II in the sentence § 9. Predicative constructions with the participle § 10. The Objective Participial Construction § 11. The Subjective Participial Construction § 12. The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction § 13. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction § 14. Absolute constructions without a participle The Gerund § 15. General notion § 16. Double nature of the gerund § 17. Tense distinctions § 18. Voice distinctions § 19. Predicative constructions with the Gerund § 20. The use of the Gerund § 21. The functions of the Gerund in the sentence § 22. The Gerund and the Infinitive § 23. The Gerund and the Participle The Infinitive § 24. General notion § 25. Tense and aspect distinctions of the Infinitive § 26. Voice distinctions § 27. The use of the Infinitive without the particle to § 28. The functions of the Infinitive § 29. Infinitive constructions § 30. The Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction § 31. The Subjective Infinitive Construction § 32. The for-to-Infinitive Construction